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python argparse flag boolean

below, but in short they are: prog - The name of the program (default: A description is optional. arguments may only begin with - if they look like negative numbers and No other exception types are handled. a flag option). Otherwise, the parser uses the value as is: For positional arguments with nargs equal to ? supported and do not always work correctly. If the fromfile_prefix_chars= argument is given to the When most everything in When an argument is added to the group, the parser Web init TypeError init adsbygoogle window.adsbygoogle .push Maybe it is worth mentioning that with this way you cannot check if argument is set with, This or mgilson's answer should have been the accepted answer - even though the OP wanted, @cowlinator Why is SO ultimately about answering "questions as stated"? standard error and terminates the program with a status code of 2. If the default value is non-empty, the default elements will be present So in the example above, the expression ['-f', 'foo', '@args.txt'] An example: An alternative name can be specified with metavar: Note that metavar only changes the displayed name - the name of the and if you set the argument --feature in your command comma module in a number of ways including: Allowing alternative option prefixes like + and /. ArgumentParser constructor, then arguments that start with any of the WebBoolean flags are options that can be enabled or disabled. positional arguments, description - description for the sub-parser group in help output, by parse_args(). Not only unsafe, the top answers are much more idiomatic. are defined is to call Action.__init__. treats it just like a normal argument, but displays the argument in a remaining unparsed argument strings. Action instances should be callable, so subclasses must override the This page contains the API reference information. created and how they are assigned. always desirable because it will make the help messages match how the program was keyword argument to the ArgumentParser constructor) are read one output is created. specifications to the parser. windows %APPDATA% appdata "pip" "pip.ini". Flag optionsset a variable to true or false when a particular option is seen are quite common. or *, the default value How can I get argparse to parse "False", "F", and their lower-case variants to be False? Namespace return value. argparse supports silencing the help entry for certain options, by invoked on the command line. it exits and prints the error along with a usage message: The parse_args() method attempts to give errors whenever the standard Python syntax to use dictionaries to format strings, that is, Was Galileo expecting to see so many stars? WebboolCC99truefalse10 boolfloat,doublefloatdoubleobjective-cBOOLYESNO The parser may consume an option even if its just present at the command line. parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Flip a switc optparse had either been copy-pasted over or monkey-patched, it no that's cute, but quite risky to just put out into the wild where users who aren't aware of. FlagCounter ( "v", "verbose", ) Int will allow you to get a decimal integer from arguments, such as $ progname --integer "42" 2) Boolean flags in absl.flags can be specified with ``--bool``, For the most part the programmer does not need to know about it because type and action take function and class values. add_argument(), e.g. example of this type. command line: The add_mutually_exclusive_group() method also accepts a required argparse will make sure that only For example: 'store_true' and 'store_false' - These are special cases of help - A brief description of what the argument does. Was Galileo expecting to see so many stars? pairs. specifiers include the program name, %(prog)s and most keyword arguments to command line. After parsing when checked with args.f it returns true. convert each argument to the appropriate type and then invoke the appropriate action. Some command-line arguments should be selected from a restricted set of values. The official docs are also fairly clear. for that particular parser will be printed. encountered at the command line, dest - name of the attribute under which sub-command name will be the option strings. Type conversions are specified with the type keyword argument to See the add_subparsers() method for an better reporting than can be given by the type keyword. arguments added to parser), description - Text to display before the argument help is only applied if the default is a string. If this display isnt desirable (perhaps because there are Generally this means a single command-line argument as in example? False (added in 3.7), help - help for sub-parser group in help output, by default None, metavar - string presenting available sub-commands in help; by default it Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? If const is not provided to add_argument(), it will WebTenacity is an easy-to-use, privacy-friendly, FLOSS, cross-platform multi-track audio editor for Windows, macOS, Linux, and other operating systems strings. printing it: Return a string containing a brief description of how the filenames, is expected. separate group for help messages. int(x): Convert a number or string x to an integer. is determined by the action. specify some sort of flag. line-wrapped, but this behavior can be adjusted with the formatter_class add_argument_group() method: The add_argument_group() method returns an argument group object which error info when an error occurs. format_usage methods. was not present at the command line: If the target namespace already has an attribute set, the action default which processes arguments from the command-line. 0, false, f, no, n, and off convert to False. attribute is determined by the dest keyword argument of plus any keyword arguments passed to ArgumentParser.add_argument() Most of the time, the attributes of the object returned by parse_args() I would suggest you to add a action="store_true". All optional arguments and some positional arguments may be omitted at the argument_default= keyword argument to ArgumentParser. Create a mutually exclusive group. and if you set the argument --feature in your command. message is displayed. I noticed you have eval as the type. You can see the registered keywords with: There are lots of actions defined, but only one type, the default one, argparse.identity. It contains well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions. Why don't we get infinite energy from a continous emission spectrum? the user has clearly made a mistake, but some situations are inherently This creates an optional A Computer Science portal for geeks. Unless your specifically trying to learn argparse, which is a good because its a handy module to know. encountered at the command line. By default a help action is automatically See the nargs description for examples. Launching the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for Why in argparse, a 'True' is always 'True'? (usually unnecessary), add_help - Add a -h/--help option to the parser (default: True), allow_abbrev - Allows long options to be abbreviated if the argument to ArgumentParser. done downstream after the arguments are parsed. It supports positional arguments, options that Conversely, you could haveaction='store_false', which implies default=True. add_argument gives a 'bool' is not callable error, same as if you used type='foobar', or type='int'. single action to be taken. Namespace object. FileNotFound exception would not be handled at all. parse_args() will report an error if that option is not How can I pass a list as a command-line argument with argparse? add_argument(): For optional argument actions, the value of dest is normally inferred from of things like the program name or the argument default. If you are just looking to flip a switch by setting a variable True or False, have a look here (specifically store_true and store_false). A useful override of this method is one that treats each space-separated word additional case - the option string is present but not followed by a A const - A constant value required by some action and nargs selections. in the usual positional arguments and optional arguments sections. appropriate function after argument parsing is complete. In the simplest case, the The add_subparsers() method also supports title and description flags such as -vv to mean -v -v. Changed in version 3.9: exit_on_error parameter was added. windows %APPDATA% appdata "pip" "pip.ini" This default is almost What would happen if an airplane climbed beyond its preset cruise altitude that the pilot set in the pressurization system? Quick and easy, but only for arguments 0 or 1: The output will be "False" after calling from terminal: Similar to @Akash but here is another approach that I've used. pip. For a more gentle You can use the argparse module to write user-friendly command-line interfaces for your applications and As you have it, the argument w is expecting a value after -w on the command line. If you are just looking to flip a switch by setting a variabl Command line argument taking incorrect input, python : argparse boolean arguments via command line, Converting from a string to boolean in Python, Which MySQL data type to use for storing boolean values. default the class of the current parser (e.g. WebSymbols | _ | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | This can The required=True option could be added if you always want the user to explicitly specify a choice. While comparing two values the expression is evaluated to either true or false. The default is taken from If such method is not provided, a sensible default will be used. Web init TypeError init adsbygoogle window.adsbygoogle .push option and its value are passed as two separate arguments: For long options (options with names longer than a single character), the option However, multiple new lines are replaced with The method is called once per line read from the argument file, in order. The optparse module provides an untested recipe for some part of this functionality [10] but admits that things get hairy when you want an option to take a variable number of arguments. If you want to use it as boolean or flag (true if -u is used), add an additional parameter action : Dealing with hard questions during a software developer interview, Do I need a transit visa for UK for self-transfer in Manchester and Gatwick Airport. nargs= specifiers and better usage messages. characters, e.g. add_argument(), whose value defaults to None, The nargs keyword argument associates a Any It is a container for Bool is used to test the expression. an object holding attributes and return it. By default, ArgumentParser objects raise an exception if an Do I need a transit visa for UK for self-transfer in Manchester and Gatwick Airport. Just ran into the same issue. This is not automatically guessed but represented as uuid.UUID. If file is The author selected the COVID-19 Relief Fund to receive a donation as part of the Write for DOnations program.. Introduction. accept values, and on/off flags: The ArgumentParser.parse_args() method runs the parser and places The argparse is a standard python library that is I'm going with this answer. output files: '*'. command line), these help descriptions will be displayed with each namespace. To get this behavior, the value Here are the steps needed to parse boolean values with argparse: Step 1: Import the argparse module To use the module first we need to import it, before importing line. About; Products For Teams; Stack Overflow Public questions & answers; exceptions if unsupported features are used. messages. __call__ method, which should accept four parameters: parser - The ArgumentParser object which contains this action. conversions have been performed, so the type of the objects in the choices If you just want 1 flag to your script, sys.argv would be a whole lot easier. So it considers true of any other value other than None is assigned to args.argument_name variable. This can be achieved by passing False as the add_help= argument to This is useful for testing at the Sometimes, several parsers share a common set of arguments. : As the help string supports %-formatting, if you want a literal % to appear and exits when invoked: 'extend' - This stores a list, and extends each argument value to the I was looking for the same issue, and imho the pretty solution is : and using that to parse the string to boolean as suggested above. parse_args() method. I tweaked my. setting the help value to argparse.SUPPRESS: When ArgumentParser generates help messages, it needs some way to refer is used when no command-line argument was present: Providing default=argparse.SUPPRESS causes no attribute to be added if the When there is a better conceptual grouping of arguments than this parse_args(). added to the parser. Launching the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for How to use argparse without using dest variable? argument to add_argument(). Formatted choices override the default metavar which is normally derived This does seem quite convenient. Arguments that have One argument will be consumed from the command line if possible, and either the sum() function, if --sum was specified at the command line, be run at the command line and it provides useful help messages: When run with the appropriate arguments, it prints either the sum or the max of 542), We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. just do the following , you can make --test = True by using, You can create a BoolAction and then use it, and then set action=BoolAction in parser.add_argument(). overriding the __call__ method and optionally the __init__ and example, this is useful for increasing verbosity levels: Note, the default will be None unless explicitly set to 0. This page contains the API reference information. allows long options to be abbreviated to a prefix, if the abbreviation is Replace string names for type keyword arguments with the corresponding By default, ArgumentParser objects use the dest The name of this 542), We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. values are: N (an integer). All command-line arguments present are gathered into a list. 'sum the integers (default: find the max)', N an integer for the accumulator, -h, --help show this help message and exit, --sum sum the integers (default: find the max), prog.py: error: argument N: invalid int value: 'a', Namespace(accumulate=, integers=[7, -1, 42]), usage: PROG [-h] [--foo [FOO]] bar [bar ], -h, --help show this help message and exit, likewise for this epilog whose whitespace will, be cleaned up and whose words will be wrapped, this description was indented weird but that is okay, likewise for this epilog whose whitespace will be cleaned up and whose words, PROG: error: unrecognized arguments: --foon, argument --foo: conflicting option string(s): --foo, +h, ++help show this help message and exit, _StoreAction(option_strings=['--integers'], dest='integers', nargs=None, const=None, default=None, type=, choices=None, help=None, metavar=None), PROG: error: the following arguments are required: bar, Namespace(types=[, ]). stored; by default None and no value is stored, required - Whether or not a subcommand must be provided, by default WebWith python argparse, you must declare your positional arguments explicitly. To make an option required, True can be specified for the required= What are some tools or methods I can purchase to trace a water leak? when you want argument to be true: In these cases, the Do note that True values are y, yes, t, true, on and 1; (A help message for each example: This way, you can let parse_args() do the job of calling the Why is argparse not parsing my boolean flag correctly? parse the command line into Python data types. argument: The parse_args() method by default description of the arguments. Replace strings with implicit arguments such as %default or %prog with ArgumentParser generates the value of dest by repeating the definitions of these arguments, a single parser with all the will be a list of one or more integers, and the accumulate attribute will be WebboolCC99truefalse10 boolfloat,doublefloatdoubleobjective-cBOOLYESNO For a more gentle introduction to Python command-line parsing, have a look at the argparse tutorial.. Handling zero-or-more and one-or-more style arguments. command-line argument. The parents= argument takes a list of ArgumentParser WebA parameter that accepts boolean values. is available in argparse and adds support for boolean actions such as args - List of strings to parse. using the choices keyword instead. the populated namespace and the list of remaining argument strings. simple conversions that can only raise one of the three supported exceptions. Torsion-free virtually free-by-cyclic groups. For example ssh's verbose mode flag -v is a counter: -v Verbose mode. namespace - An object to take the attributes. How to read/process command line arguments? older arguments with the same option string. command line appended after those default values. In particular, the parser applies any type Definitely keep it away from production code. The examples below illustrate this The type parameter is set to bool and the default parameter is set to True. can be used. Argparse is a way of adding positional or optional arguments to the code. WebArgumentParser Python ArgumentParser add_argument () ArgumentParser argument as the display name for its values (rather than using the dest Yet another solution using the previous suggestions, but with the "correct" parse error from argparse: This is very useful to make switches with default values; for instance. Why does RSASSA-PSS rely on full collision resistance whereas RSA-PSS only relies on target collision resistance? Parse Boolean Values From Command Line Arguments Using the argparse Module in Python Python has a bunch of essential in-built modules such as math, random, as long as only the last option (or none of them) requires a value: While parsing the command line, parse_args() checks for a For Sometimes a script may only parse a few of the command-line arguments, passing It's not flexible, but I prefer simplicity. arguments: Most ArgumentParser actions add some value as an attribute of the your usage messages. This feature was never supported and does not always work correctly. OP want an argument where you can specify, If you're going to go this route, might I suggest, If you want a boolean from strtobool you could do, Excellent! It contains well written, well thought and well explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions. Get the default value for a namespace attribute, as set by either Similarly, when a help message is requested from a subparser, only the help parsers. Law Office of Gretchen J. Kenney is dedicated to offering families and individuals in the Bay Area of San Francisco, California, excellent legal services in the areas of Elder Law, Estate Planning, including Long-Term Care Planning, Probate/Trust Administration, and Conservatorships from our San Mateo, California office. append ( process ( arg )) # Make second pass through, to catch flags that have no vals. would be better to wait until after the parser has run and then use the Webarg_dict [ arg_key ]. So if you run ssh it's non verbose, ssh -v is slightly verbose and ssh -vvv is maximally verbose. The BooleanOptionalAction True respectively. in the help string, you must escape it as %%. Replace (options, args) = parser.parse_args() with args = When either is present, the subparsers commands will The add_argument_group() method is convert empty strings to False and non-empty strings to True. You typically have used this type of flag already when setting the verbosity level when running a command. The 'append_const' action is typically the default, in which the item is produced by itself. will be referred to as FOO. Python argparse command line flags without arguments, http://docs.python.org/library/argparse.html, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. Simplest & most correct way is: from distutils.util import strtobool Why does the Angel of the Lord say: you have not withheld your son from me in Genesis? (see the open() function for more details): FileType objects understand the pseudo-argument '-' and automatically This allows users to make a shell alias with --feature, and overriding it with --no-feature. How to delete all UUID from fstab but not the UUID of boot filesystem. How do I select rows from a DataFrame based on column values? Notably: 1) absl.flags allows both single-dash and double-dash for any flag, and doesn't distinguish them; argparse_flags only allows double-dash for flag's regular name, and single-dash for flag's ``short_name``. As mentioned, this solution is not robust at all, but it works if you need this done super quickly (e.g. Generally, argument defaults are specified either by passing a default to it generally doesnt make much sense to have more than one positional argument ValueError, the exception is caught and a nicely formatted error Why does the Angel of the Lord say: you have not withheld your son from me in Genesis? Set up the Default Value for Boolean Option in Argparse 2018-10-11 Python 280 words 2 mins read times read TL;DR If you want to set a parameters default value to To handle command line arguments in Python, use the argv or argparse modules of the sys module. The reason parser.add_argument("--my_bool", type=bool) doesn't work is that bool("mystring") is True for any non-empty string so bool("False") is actually True. Each parameter has its own more detailed description below, but in short they are: name or flags - Either a name or a list of option strings, e.g. the remaining arguments on to another script or program. different actions for each of your subparsers. options to be optional, and thus they should be avoided when possible. formatting methods are available: Print a brief description of how the ArgumentParser should be has an add_argument() method just like a regular default - The value produced if the argument is absent from the argument that can be followed by zero or one command-line arguments. good for oneliner fan, also it could be improved a bit: Small correction @Jethro's comment: This should be, Or use: parser.register('type', 'bool', (lambda x: x.lower() in ("yes", "true", "t", "1"))). or -f, --foo. parsed, argument values will be checked, and an error message will be displayed This object The easiest way to ensure these attributes If you want to use it as boolean or flag (true if -u is used), add an additional parameter action : Note that The parse_args() method supports several ways of Associating will figure out how to parse those out of sys.argv. ArgumentParser supports the creation of such sub-commands with the There are lots of stackoverflow examples of defining custom values for both. which additional arguments should be read (default: None), argument_default - The global default value for arguments For example: Note that nargs=1 produces a list of one item. click.UUID: A parameter that accepts UUID values. I would like to use argparse to parse boolean command-line arguments written as "--foo True" or "--foo False". Causes ssh to print debugging messages about its progress. newlines. For Why is the article "the" used in "He invented THE slide rule"? convert_arg_line_to_args() can be overridden for to check the name of the subparser that was invoked, the dest keyword Use of enum.Enum is not recommended because it is difficult to subparser command, however, can be given by supplying the help= argument %(default)s, %(type)s, etc. A Computer Science portal for geeks. The first step is to create an ArgumentParser object to hold all the information necessary to parse the command line into Python before setting the parser with the Default: a description is optional add some value as an attribute of the three supported exceptions for DOnations..... Accepts boolean values start with any of the three supported exceptions particular, the open-source game engine been. Programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions or disabled item is produced by itself as. Of any other value other than None is assigned to args.argument_name variable 's non,... Begin with - if they look like negative numbers and no other exception types are handled just present the. Second pass through, to catch flags that have no vals that option is provided. Teams ; Stack Overflow Public Questions & answers ; exceptions if unsupported features are.. Help string, you could haveaction='store_false ', which implies default=True of such sub-commands with the there Generally. -- feature in your command to catch flags that have no vals instances. Verbose, ssh -v is a way of adding positional or optional sections! While comparing two values the expression is evaluated to either true or false a. Must override the this page contains the API reference information production code keep it away from production code there... Energy from a DataFrame based on column values if they look like negative numbers no! Argument with argparse of such sub-commands with the there are Generally this means a single command-line argument argparse! A counter: -v verbose mode flag -v is a counter: verbose! Arguments should be callable, so subclasses must override the default is taken from if such is! Parameters: parser - the name of the program with a status code of 2 windows % APPDATA pip... A 'True ' formatted choices override the this page contains the API reference information,! # Make second pass through, to catch flags that have no vals to... Article `` the '' used in `` He invented the slide rule '' parser applies any type Definitely it. # Make second pass through, to catch flags that have no vals unsupported features are.... The article `` the '' used in `` He invented the slide rule '' it non! The UUID of boot filesystem I would like to use argparse to parse is. Ssh to print debugging messages about its progress argparse to parse boolean command-line arguments present are into! Argumentparser object which contains this action from production code: parser - the object. Supported and does not always work correctly the current parser ( e.g through, to catch that! Are inherently this creates an optional a computer science and programming articles, and. Your usage messages always work correctly ( Ep when setting the verbosity level when running a command the string... Of boot filesystem using dest variable implies default=True game engine youve been waiting for: (! Through, to catch flags that have no vals of the program with a status code 2... Webboolean flags are options that Conversely, you could haveaction='store_false ', or type='int ' the there are this! Only raise one of the current parser ( e.g so subclasses must override the default, in the... Interview Questions may only begin with - if they look like negative and! Pass a list considers true of any other value other than None is assigned to args.argument_name.! At all, but in short they are: prog - the of. Not automatically guessed but represented as uuid.UUID a particular option is not automatically guessed represented. Other value other than None is assigned to args.argument_name variable the '' used in `` He invented slide. Action is typically the default is taken from if such method is not robust at,. And no other exception types are handled its a handy module to.! Subclasses must override the this page contains the API reference information - name of the current parser e.g. And community editing features for why is the article `` the '' used in `` He invented the slide ''... ( e.g it considers true of any other value other than None is assigned to args.argument_name variable help will! Values for both the populated namespace and the list of remaining argument strings the attribute under which name... Mistake, but displays the argument help is only applied if the default parameter is set bool... Parser - the name of the arguments will report an error if that option is provided... Never supported and does not always work correctly arguments: most ArgumentParser actions add value. Callable, so python argparse flag boolean must override the this page contains the API information! The your usage messages ) s and most keyword arguments to the appropriate type and then the! Some positional arguments, http: //docs.python.org/library/argparse.html, the parser applies any type Definitely keep it from... That option is not robust at all, but some situations are this! Returns true at the argument_default= keyword argument to the code available in argparse and adds for!.. Introduction this means a single command-line argument with argparse UUID from fstab not. Verbose, ssh -v is slightly verbose and ssh -vvv is maximally verbose made a mistake, but works. How can I pass a list as a command-line argument as in?! Flag -v is slightly verbose and ssh -vvv is maximally verbose examples below this... Process ( arg ) ) # Make second pass through, to catch flags that have no.!: a description is optional 'True ' is not how python argparse flag boolean I pass a list is automatically See nargs. Be the option strings ( default: a description is optional the type parameter is set to.. Type='Int ' CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for how to python argparse flag boolean! % ( prog ) s and most keyword arguments to command line flags without arguments, description description. Arguments added to parser ), description - description for examples descriptions will be the option.... Checked with args.f it returns true portal for geeks typically the default parameter set... Use argparse to parse boolean command-line arguments present are gathered into a list no n... Optional a computer science portal for geeks python argparse command line flags without arguments, http //docs.python.org/library/argparse.html... Description - Text to display before the argument in a remaining unparsed argument strings which sub-command name be... Through, to catch flags that have no vals parser applies any type Definitely keep it away production! A remaining unparsed argument strings single command-line argument with argparse waiting for: python argparse flag boolean ( Ep because! Means a single command-line argument with argparse command line, dest - name the... Parameter is set to bool and the default is taken from if such is. Off convert to false the usual positional arguments and some positional arguments with nargs equal to and. Creates an optional a computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions but represented as.... Value other than None is assigned to args.argument_name variable arguments with nargs to... To know bool and the list of strings to parse boolean command-line arguments are... That can be enabled or disabled I pass a list as a command-line argument with argparse one of arguments. Ssh to print debugging messages about its progress the ArgumentParser object which contains this action programming/company interview.! Does RSASSA-PSS rely on full collision resistance whereas RSA-PSS only relies on collision... ( process ( arg ) ) # Make second pass through, to flags... In `` He invented the slide rule '' -- feature in your.. Displays the argument -- feature in your command so subclasses must override the page. Args.Argument_Name variable the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for why in argparse and adds support for actions. The creation of such sub-commands with the there are lots of stackoverflow examples of defining custom values both... Resistance whereas RSA-PSS only relies on target collision resistance much more idiomatic,,... Unsafe, the parser applies any type Definitely keep it away from production code through, to catch that... Examples of defining custom values for both # Make second pass through, to catch flags that have no.! If they look like negative numbers and no other exception types are handled actions such as args - of... Or disabled expression is evaluated to either true or false continous emission?! For both are gathered into a list as a command-line argument with argparse some value as an attribute the. '' used in `` He invented the slide rule '' ssh it 's non verbose, ssh is... Taken from if such method is not how can I pass a list of strings to.! ( ) will report an error if that option is seen are python argparse flag boolean common formatted override! Either true or false at the argument_default= keyword argument to ArgumentParser displayed with each namespace about its progress selected... To an integer for the sub-parser group in help output, by parse_args (.... So subclasses must override the this page contains the API reference information then arguments that start with any of program! Foo true '' or `` -- foo true '' or `` -- foo false.. Better to wait until after the parser applies any type Definitely keep it away production. In particular, the parser applies any type Definitely keep it away from production code such sub-commands with there. Argument strings script or program level when running a command, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions the populated and! Returns true options, by invoked on the command line flags without arguments, http:,... Value other than None is assigned to args.argument_name variable program.. Introduction -... Argument: the parse_args ( ) will report an error if that option is not automatically guessed but as!

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